食品中植物甾醇的色谱分析方法研究进展

植物甾醇广泛分布于各种食用植物中,主要以游离态甾醇、甾醇酯、甾醇糖苷和脂酰基甾醇糖苷形式存在,具有抗炎、抗菌、抗真菌、降低胆固醇、抗肿瘤等功效。本文综述了近些年关于植物甾醇色谱检测方法的研究进展。植物甾醇常用样品前处理手段有液液萃取、薄层色谱、高速逆流色谱和超临界萃取等,而植物甾醇检测方法主要采用气相色谱法和液相色谱法,其中气相色谱法检测甾醇的灵敏度较高,但液相色谱法具有柱温温和、不破坏样品的特性,适合检测热不稳定植物甾醇。气相色谱法或液相色谱法与质谱检测器联用技术在多组分植物甾醇的同时定量方面取得了一定进展。

Research progress of chromatographic analysis of phytosterols in foods

Phytosterols were widely distributed in various food plants, which exist in plants in the shape of free state, steryl ester, steryl glycoside, and acylatedsteryl glycoside. Phytosterols have been exhibited the activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, cholesterol-lowering and antitumor. This paper reviewed the research progress of chromatographic methods for analysis of phytosterols in various sample matrices. Column chromatography (CC), thin layer chromatography (TLC), high-speed counter current chromatography (HSCCC) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) are accessible and affordable separation techniques. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) are most commonly used to analyze sterols in various sample matrices. GC techniques are more sensitive, while LC method can operate under milder column temperature and nondestructive detection conditions, which is ideally suitable for the analysis of thermally unstable sterols. Coupling GC or LC with MS for multicomponent quantitative analysis of phytosterols has made a certain progress.