碳纳米管功能化的途径、机理和表面特征

由碳纳米管的功能化有共价键和非共价键两种方法。共价键功能化的机理是通过氧化或还原反应在碳纳米管表面生成极性或反应性基团(表面基团化),继而通过化学反应使碳纳米管表面有机化或聚合物化。非共价键功能化的机理是基于碳纳米管表面的?体系和疏水性可与含?电子的芳烯化合物发生?-?相互作用或与含疏水链的表面活性剂发生物理吸附。本文综述碳纳米管功能化的研究进展,完善了Kim等提出的碳纳米管功能化表面的代数表示:表面基团化的为1G,表面有机化的为2G,表面聚合物化的为3G。

Functionalization Approaches,Mechanisms and Surface Features of Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes

Two approaches for surface modification of carbon nanotubes （CNT） are covalent functionalization and non-covalent functionalization. The mechanism of covalent approach is to attach the reactive groups to the surface of CNT by oxidative or reduced reactions firstly, then transforming the groups to organic moieties, or to polymeric chains by grafting from or click reactions. The mechanism of non-covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes involves the？-？interactions between π-system of carbon nanotubes and π-containing organic moieties or polymers and adsorption of surfactants on surface of carbon nanotubes. The surface features of functionalized carbon nanotubes suggested by Kim et al. can be expressed as the surface containing reactive groups is the 1st generation （1G）, the attachment of organic moieties on CNT is 2G and the surface linked with polymeric chains is 3G.