高硬度透明聚氨酯材料的研制

选用不同结构的多异氰酸酯、低聚物多元醇、扩链剂等为原料,用半预聚体法和一步法制得一系列高硬度高透明性聚氨酯材料。讨论了合成工艺、多异氰酸酯结构、扩链剂结构和多元醇平均每个羟基所对应的相对分子质量(N值)及其平均官能度对聚氨酯材料性能的影响。结果表明,选择异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯及扩链剂E并控制多元醇平均官能度在2.5～2.7和平均N值在120～150范围内,采用半预聚法制得的高硬度透明聚氨酯材料具有较好的综合力学性能及热稳定性。

Preparation of High Hardness and Transparent Polyurethane

A serious transparent polyurethane elastomers with high hardness were prepared by semi-prepolymer thchnique and one step method from polyisocyanate,low polymeric polyols and chain extender. The effects of polymeric technics, polyisocyanate structure, chain extender structure and the average equivalent and average functionality of polyols on the properties of the polyurethane elastomers were studied. The result showed that the high hardness and transparent polyurethane elastomers which had good mechanical properties and excellent heat stability were gained using IPDI,chain extender E and controlling range of the average equivalent of polyols with 2.5~2.7 and average functionality of polyols with 120~150.