枸杞蜂花粉主要化学成分与抗氧化作用

以枸杞蜂花粉为原料，对其可溶性总糖、游离单糖与双糖、蛋白质、游离氨基酸、总多酚、总黄酮、矿物元素含量进行了分析，并以1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除率、超氧阴离子自由基清除率、2,2-联氮-二（3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸）二铵盐自由基清除率、金属离子螯合率为指标对枸杞蜂花粉的抗氧化作用进行了评价。结果表明，枸杞蜂花粉中可溶性糖质量分数为44.8%，果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖质量分数分别为18.4%、15.2%和3.7%，蛋白质质量分数为25.0%，总多酚和总黄酮含量分别为22.95mg/g（以没食子酸当量计）和21.17mg/g（以芦丁当量计）；枸杞蜂花粉具有显著的抗氧化作用，抗氧化效果顺序为水提醇沉上清物＞水提物＞粗多糖。

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Chinese Wolfberry Bee Pollen

In the present study, the main chemical components of Chinese wolfberry bee pollen including total soluble sugar, free mono- and disaccharides, proteins, free amino acids, total polyphenols, total flavonoids and minerals were analyzed. In addition, the antioxidant activity was evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging, 2,2’-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) cation (ABTS+·) radical scavenging and metal iron chelating assays. The results showed that the content of total soluble sugars was 44.8%, the contents of fructose, glucose and sucrose were 18.4%, 15.2% and 3.7%, respectively, protein content was 25.0%, and the contents of total polyphenols and total flavonoids were 22.95 mg gallic acid equivalent/g and 21.17 mg rutin equivalent/g, respectively. Chinese wolfberry bee pollen exhibited significant antioxidant activity. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of different extracts from Chinese wolfberry bee pollen was in the decreasing order of supernatant from ethanol precipitation of water extract > water extract > crude polysaccharides.