药食同源类植物多糖降血糖功效的研究进展

植物多糖具有良好的降血糖功效,通过促进胰岛素分泌、改善胰岛素抵抗,调节相关酶活性,改善糖、蛋白质及脂肪代谢紊乱,促进肝糖元合成、抑制糖异生,增进免疫系统功能和抗氧化作用等多种途径发挥降血糖功能。目前,报道来源于中药的多糖已超过200种,且它们中的大部分都是从植物中分离提纯得到的。随着人们对植物多糖研究的深入,利用其开发制作安全经济的天然类降血糖产品得到越来越多的关注。本文综述了桑叶多糖、南瓜多糖、苦瓜多糖、山药多糖、茶多糖的降血糖功效,并提出了降血糖植物多糖的利用途径,展望了将植物多糖降血糖功效应用于糖尿病治疗的前景,以期为植物多糖降血糖功效的研究和利用以及天然降血糖食品的开发提供参考。

Research advances on the hypoglycemic function of drug and food homologous plant polysaccharides

Plant polysaccharide has a good effect on hypoglycemic through promoting insulin secretion, improving insulin resistance, regulating related enzyme activities, ameliorating sugar, protein and fat metabolism, stimulating liver glycogen synthesis, inhibiting gluconeogenesis, and enhancing immune function and antioxidant system etc. For the time being, more than 200 kinds of polysaccharides have been reported from Chinese medicine, and most of them are isolated from plants. With the deepening of plant polysaccharide research, more and more attention has been paid to the use of them for developing and producing safe and economical natural blood sugar products. This paper reviewed the hypoglycemic effect of polysaccharides from mulberry leaves, pumpkin, bitter gourd, yam, tea, and envisioned the utilization of the hypoglycemic effects of plant polysaccharides to control blood sugar, in order to provide reference for research and application of hypoglycemic effect of plant polysaccharide, and exploration of natural hypoglycemic food.