鱼油对KKAy糖尿病小鼠糖代谢及PI3K/Akt信号通路的影响

目的：探讨鱼油对KKAy糖尿病小鼠糖代谢及磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase，PI3K）/蛋 白激酶B（protein kinase B，Akt）信号通路的影响。方法：40 只KKAy小鼠，分为模型组和鱼油低、中、高剂 量组，每组10 只。另设10 只C57BL/6小鼠为正常对照组。灌胃12 周后，测定血糖、胰岛素、脂联素、瘦素及 PI3K/Akt信号通路中相关基因的表达水平。结果：与模型组相比，鱼油低剂量组血糖水平极显著降低（P＜0.01）， 鱼油低、中剂量组胰岛素水平显著提高（P＜0.05），鱼油各剂量组的脂联素水平显著提高（P＜0.05）。此外，鱼油 各剂量组可上调胰岛素受体底物-1、PI3K、Akt、葡萄糖转运蛋白-4基因的表达，其中低剂量鱼油对Akt和葡萄糖转 运蛋白-4基因的调控效果更显著。结论：低剂量鱼油可能通过调节PI3K/Akt信号通路改善糖代谢。

Effect of Fish Oil on Glucose Metabolism and PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in Diabetic KKAy Mice

Objective: To investigate the effect of fish oil on glucose metabolism and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway in diabetic KKAy mice. Methods: Forty KKAy mice were randomly assigned into four groups: diabetic model group, low-dose fish oil group, medium-dose fish oil group and high-dose fish oil group. Ten male C57BL/6 mice served as a non-diabetic control group. Blood and tissue samples were collected after 12 weeks of treatment. Blood glucose, serum insulin, adiponectin, leptin, and the mRNA expressions of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), PI3K, Akt and glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4) were detected. Results: Compared with the model group, fasting blood glucose was reduced significantly in the low-dose fish oil group (P < 0.01), fasting insulin was increased in both the low and medium-dose groups (P < 0.05), and adiponectin level was significantly increased in all the treatment groups (P < 0.05). In addition, fish oil at all doses up-regulated the mRNA expression of IRS-1, PI3K, Akt and GLUT-4 and at low dose had more significant effect on the mRNA expression of Akt and GLUT-4. Conclusion: Fish oil at low dose may improve glucose metabolism by regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.