基于适配体的功能化纳米探针在食品安全检测中的应用进展

高灵敏度及特异性的检测方法是保障食品安全的关键。基于适配体的功能化纳米探针为食品危害因子的检测提供了一种新型、高效的分析手段。本文基于适配体的4类纳米传感器:光学、磁弛豫、电化学和其他类型的检测原理,重点论述了适配体的功能化纳米探针在食品安全因子检测方面的应用进展,包括农药、兽药及其残留物,致病微生物,真菌毒素,真金毒素,重金属,生物酶等,并对该方法的发展趋势进行了展望。开发简便、易携带的生物传感器,在纳米粒子上修饰多种适配体以实现对多种危害因子的同时检测,以及开发快速、有效、简单的样品前处理方法,有效避免背景干扰,提高方法的灵敏度和降低检测限,是未来的快速检测的发展方向。

Progress of functionalized nano probe based on aptamer in food safety and detection

The analytical method with high sensitivity and specificity is the key to ensuring food safety. The functionalized nano-sensors based on aptamers is a new and efficient analysis platform for the detection of food hazard factors. In this review, we summarized principles of four types of nano-sensor based on aptamer:Optical, magnetic relaxation, electrochemical and other types, and introduced its application in the detection of food safety factor detection, including pesticides, veterinary drugs and their residues, pathogenic microorganisms, mycotoxin true gold toxins, heavy metals, biological enzymes and so on. Finally, The prospects for the development of the method were considered. The development of a biosensor that is easy to carry, including the simultaneous detection of multiple hazardous factors by modifying multiple aptamers on the nanoparticles, and developing rapid, effective, and simple sample preparation methods that effectively avoid background interference, improving the sensitivity and detection limit of the method are the direction of future rapid detection.