主要进出口经济鱼类及其制品分子鉴定技术的研究进展

随着我国进出口贸易的不断发展,进出口鱼类品种繁多,数量巨大。但部分国内外企业受高额利润驱使,以假充真、以劣充好事件时有发生,鱼类制品更是真伪难辨,掺假状况极其普遍。通过形态学和生物学方法已经不能满足对鱼类种属鉴定。近年来,随着分子生物技术的迅猛发展,分子检测技术在鱼类品种鉴定领域得到广泛应用。本文针对不同分子鉴定技术进行阐述,包括普通聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术、多重PCR技术、实时定量PCR技术、DNA条形码技术、环介导等温扩增检测技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)、聚合酶链反应-限制性酶切多态性技术(polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism,PCR-RFLP)以及随机扩增多态性DNA检测技术(random amplified polymorphic DNA),并根据不同检测技术的特点进行分析,为进出口鱼类鉴定提供技术支撑。

Research progress on the molecular identification technology of main import and export economic fishes and their products

With the continuous development of China''s import and export trade, the import and export fishes are numerous and large. However, some domestic and foreign enterprises are driven by high profits, which often happens when they are fake and bad. Fish products are even more difficult to distinguish, and adulterated conditions are extremely common. Morphological and biological methods have not satisfied the identification of fish species. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biotechnology, molecular detection technology has been widely used in the field of fish species identification. This paper elaborated the different molecular identification techniques, including general polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, multiplex PCR technique, real-time quantitative PCR technique, DNA bar coding technique, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique,polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique, and analyzed the characteristics of different detection technologies, in order to provide technology support for the import and export of fish identification.