莱菔子化学成分的分离与鉴定

目的：研究莱菔子化学成分，探索生品莱菔子的物质基础。方法：采用大孔吸附树脂HP-20、聚苯乙烯型大孔吸附树脂（MCI gel）、ODS、硅胶及LiChroprep RP-18等色谱技术进行分离纯化，运用光谱学方法对得到的化合物进行结构鉴定。结果：从莱菔子甲醇提取物中分离鉴定了16?个化合物：顺-13-二十二碳烯酸（1）、豆甾-4-烯-3-酮（2）、（22E,24R）-麦角甾-5,22-二烯-3β-醇（3）、豆甾-5-烯-3β-醇（4）、反-阿魏酸甲酯（5）、反-芥子酸甲酯（6）、β-豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（7）、α-D-吡喃半乳糖基-（1-6）-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-（1-2）-β-D-呋喃果糖苷（8）、β-D-呋喃果糖基-α-D-（6-芥子酰基）葡萄糖苷（9）、β-D-（3-芥子酰基）呋喃果糖基-α-D-葡萄糖苷（10）、β-D-（3-芥子酰基）呋喃果糖基-α-D-（6-芥子酰基）葡萄糖苷（11）、β-D-（3,4-二芥子酰基）呋喃果糖基-α-D-（6-芥子酰基）葡萄糖苷（12）、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（13）、异鼠李素-3,4’-O-β-D-二葡萄糖苷（14）、异鼠李素-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖-7-O-α-L-鼠李糖苷（15）、3’-O-甲基-（－）-表儿茶素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（16）。结论：化合物2、3、7～10、13～16为首次在该植物中得到。

Isolation and Structural Identification of Chemical Constituents from Seeds of Raphanus sativus L.

This study was done to analyze the chemical constituents of Raphanus sativus L. seeds for exploring the material basis for consumption of raw Raphanus sativus L. seeds. Sixteen compounds were isolated and purified by chromatography on macroporous resin HP-20, high-porosity polystyrene (MCI gel), ODS, silica gel and LiChroprep RP-18 columns. Their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods as cis-13-docosenoic acid (1), stigmasta-4-en-3-one (2), (22E,24R)-ergosta-5,22-dien-3β-ol (3), β-stigmast-5-en-3β-ol (4), trans-methyl ferulate (5), trans-methyl sinapate (6), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucoside (7), α-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-6)-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-fructofuranoside) (8), β-D-fructofuranosyl-α-D-(6-O-sinapoyl)-glucopyranoside (9), β-D-(3-O-sinapoyl)-fructofuranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside (10), β-D-(3-O-sinapoyl)-fructofuranosyl-α-D-(6-O-sinapoyl)-glucopyranoside (11), β-D-(3,4-O-disinapoyl)-fructofuranosyl-α-D-(6-O-sinapoyl)-glucopyranoside (12), isorhamnetin, 3-O-β-D-glucoside (13), isorhamnetin 3,4’-di-O-β-D-glucoside (14), isorhamnetin, 3-O-β-D-glucoside-7-O-α-L-rhamnose (15) and 3’-O-methyl-(-)-epicatechin 7-O-β-D-glucoside (16), respectively. Among these, compounds 2, 3, 7–10, and 13–16 were isolated from the plant for the first time.