适度破碎微藻细胞释放功能性蛋白的技术研究进展

微藻细胞破碎技术是微藻商业化应用的技术瓶颈。微藻细胞存在刚性细胞壁,阻碍了微藻蛋白等功能性物质的释放,过度破碎又易影响微藻蛋白等的功能活性。因此,选择合适的破碎技术和条件是微藻产业发展的关键。本文综述了近五年来国内外微藻细胞破碎技术现状,分析珠磨法、高压匀浆、超声处理、离子液体处理和酶解法5种传统微藻细胞适度破碎技术的研究现状,并讨论流体空化法、微流法、脉冲电场处理和阳离子聚合物涂抹法4种新兴技术的研究进展,进一步对比这9种技术的优缺点。最后,对微藻细胞适度破碎技术的发展进行了展望。

Research Progress on Mild Disruption Technology of Microalgae for Functional Protein Releasing

Cell disruption is the key technical bottleneck in the commercialization of microalgae. Due to the presence of rigid cell walls in microalgae, which impedes the release of microalgae proteins and other substances and the microalgae proteins and other functional activity would be affected if the cells are excessively broken. Therefore, the choice of appropriate disruption techniques and conditions is the key to the development of microalgae industry. This paper reviewed the research status of domestic and foreign microbial cell disruption technology in the past five years, and analyzed the research statue of 5 kinds of traditional microalgae mild cell disruption, including bead grinding, high pressure homogenization, ultrasonic treatment, ionic liquid treatment and enzymatic hydrolysis. The latest research progress of 4 new technologies were discussed, which contained fluid cavitation, microfluidics, pulsed electric field treatment and cationic polymer smearing. The advantages and disadvantages of 9 cell disruption techniques were compared. In the end, the development of mild cell disruption technique of microalgae was forecasted.