溴氰菊酯在烟草上的使用安全性评价研究

目的了解昆明烟草生产投入品溴氰菊酯的安全性。方法在烟草上使用7.5 g.ai/hm~2(商品量300 m/hm~2)和12.5 g.ai/hm~2(商品量500 mL/hm~2)2.5%溴氰菊酯乳油,使用气相色谱仪检测初烤烟叶中的溴氰菊酯残留量,并应用农药残留风险的评估方法分析溴氰菊酯在烟草上使用的安全性。结果药后20 d初烤烟叶中溴氰菊酯残留量低于1 mg/kg(0.89~0.94 mg/kg),随着施药浓度的增加,溴氰菊酯残留量无显著累积性;溴氰菊酯最终残留量为1 mg/kg时,安全性达到375倍,农药长期膳食暴露量的贡献率(contribution rate,R)为0.98(R1),R值越小,说明安全性越高。结论溴氰菊酯最终残留量小于1 mg/kg时,溴氰菊酯对吸烟人群的影响在安全范围内。

Study on the safety evaluation of deltamethrin used on tobacco

Objective To understand the safety of deltamethrin in Kunming tobacco production. Methods Two point five percent deltamethrin of 7.5 g.ai/hm2 (commodity volume 300 mL/hm2) and 12.5 g.ai/hm2 (commodity volume 500 mL/hm2) were used on tobacco. The residues of deltamethrin in tobacco leaves were detected by gas chromatograph. The safety of deltamethrin in tobacco was analyzed by means of pesticide residues risk assessment. Results The residual amount of deltamethrin in the tobacco leaf after 20 d was less than 1 mg/kg (0.89~ 0.94 mg/kg). With the increase of the application concentration, the residual amount of deltamethrin did not accumulate significantly. When the final residue of deltamethrin was 1 mg/kg, the safety reached 375 times. Contribution rate (R) of pesticide long-term dietary exposure was 0.98 (R<1), and the R value was smaller, the security was higher. Conclusion When the final residue of deltamethrin is less than 1 mg/kg, the effect of cypermethrin on smokers is within the safe range.