不同产区青海玉树芜菁中营养成分分析与比较

目的:为全面了解青海玉树芜菁的食用价值,选取青海玉树4个不同产区共12批芜菁,对其营养成分进行分析评价和比较,为芜菁再加工产品的开发和利用提供重要依据。方法:分别用亚临界流体丁烷和1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷(R134a)萃取出芜菁中的β-谷甾醇和总黄酮,然后分别测定了芜菁β-谷甾醇和总黄酮含量,同时还测定了芜菁多糖、可溶性糖、总皂苷、氨基酸、蛋白质及各种矿物质元素含量等。采用SPSS 19.0对玉树4个不同产区芜菁中各营养成分含量进行多重比较。结果:曲麻莱县芜菁中蛋白质(2.20%)、总氨基酸(15.35%,以干计)和总皂苷(0.35%)含量最高,称多县芜菁中总糖含量最高(2.90%),囊谦县芜菁中粗纤维(1.01%)和总矿物质元素(447.5 mg/100 g)含量最高。结论:青海玉树芜菁营养价值高,具有良好的食用价值和开发前景,可为青海玉树芜菁的质量控制提供依据。

Analysis and comparison of nutritional compositions in Yushu turnip(Brassica rapa L.)from different producing areas

Objective:To fully understand edible and commercial value,twelve batches of Yushu turnip in four different producing areas were selected to examine and comparison the nutrient composition. Methods:The β-sitosterol and total flavonoids were extracted with sub-critical fluid n-butane and 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane(R134a),respectively. Then,the contents of β-sitosterol and total flavonoids were detected respectively. The contents of polysaccharides,soluble sugars,total saponins,amino acid,protein and various mineral elements were also detected. SPSS 19.0 was used to compare the contents of nutritional components of Yushu turnip from four different producing areas. Results:The contents of protein(2.20%),total amino acid(15.35%,calculated on dry weight)and total saponins(0.35%)were the highest in Qumalai county,the content of total sugars(2.90%)was the highest in Chengduo county,the contents of crude fiber(1.01%)and total mineral elements(447.5 mg/100 g)were the highest in Nangqian county. Conclusion:These figures indicate that Yushu turnips have high nutrients and practical applications,which to justify security controls.