基于聚乙烯醇-溶菌酶复合抗菌涂膜剂的鸡蛋保鲜研究

研究聚乙烯醇-溶菌酶复合涂膜剂对鸡蛋的保鲜效果,以水蒸气透过率,保水性作为成膜指标对聚乙烯醇(PVA)的含量进行优化,选出9 g/100 mL的PVA分别与0.03、0.06、0.09、0.12 g/100 mL的溶菌酶进行复配。通过测定涂膜处理和未涂膜对照组的鸡蛋在常温下储藏过程中失重率、哈夫单位、蛋黄指数、pH、挥发性盐基氮、微生物等指标,筛选出保鲜效果最好的聚乙烯醇与溶菌酶复配比例。结果表明:0.03 g/100 mL溶菌酶与9 g/100 mL聚乙烯醇的比例进行复配,对鸡蛋的保鲜效果比其他浓度比例的涂膜剂效果更好,涂膜后的鸡蛋储藏45 d后的蛋黄指数为0.26,比未涂膜组高56.1%;失重率最低,为5.61%,比未涂膜的低98.9%;哈夫单位为68,比未涂膜的高25%;pH为9.02,比未涂膜的低5%;挥发性盐基氮为4.98 mg/100 g,比未涂膜低86%。说明聚乙烯醇-溶菌酶复合涂膜剂不仅抑菌性强,而且成膜性好,安全环保,鸡蛋在常温下储藏可维持较高水平的新鲜度。

Application of polyvinyl alcohol-chitosan composite antimicrobial coating agent in preservation of fresh eggs

The effects of polyvinyl alcohol-lysozyme composite coating on the freshness of eggs were studied. The content of polyvinyl alcohol was optimized by water vapor transmission and water retention as the filming indexes. The 9 g/100 mL PVA was selected to be rematched with lysozyme of 0.03,0.06,0.09,0.12 g/100 mL. In order to screen out the best ratio of polyvinyl alcohol and lysozyme,the eggs in the coated and uncoated control groups were tested at room temperature with the weight loss rate,huff unit,egg yolk index,pH,volatile salt nitrogen,microbial and other indicators.The results showed that 0.03 g/100 mL lysozyme and 9 g/100 mL polyvinyl alcohol ratio of the coating agent was better than that of other concentrations on the freshness of eggs.Eggs stored at room temperature for 45 days,yolk index was 0.26,56.1% higher than the uncoated eggs the lowest weight loss rate was 5.61%,98.9% lower than the uncoated film,the Hough unit was 68,25% higher than the uncoated. PH was 9.02,5% lower than the uncoated. Volatile base was 4.98 mg/100 g,86% lower than the uncoated. It is indicated that polyvinyl alcohol-lysozyme composite coating was not only anti-bacterial,but also good film and safe environment. Eggs were kept fresh at normal temperature.