防治水果病害的生防酵母及生防制剂研究进展

水果在生长和贮藏过程中极易受到病原菌侵染而腐烂,从而造成巨大的经济损失。目前,田间病害防控及采后果实贮藏保鲜主要依靠化学制剂。化学制剂因其高效性及便利性在农业领域备受欢迎,但化学制剂的广泛使用对人体和环境都造成了很大的危害。因此,水果防腐需要寻求更安全、环保并高效的方法,其中生物防治是替代化学防治的有效措施之一。本文主要探究了生防酵母对于水果采后病害的生防效果及存在问题,并对国内外生防制剂的研究现状和前景进行了分析讨论,以期能为我国酵母生防制剂的商业化生产与应用提供有价值的参考。

Progress in Biocontrol Yeast Agents for Preventing and Treating Diseases of Fruits

Fruits are vulnerable to pathogen infection and consequently decay during growth and storage, which causes huge economic losses. At present, the prevention and control fruit diseases and postharvest preservation are primarily achieved by the use of synthetic fungicides. Chemical fungicides are commonly used to control diseases of fruits and vegetables because of their high efficiency and convenience. However, due to the development of resistance to fungicides in fungal pathogens, which causes harmful effects on the environment and human health, it is necessary to develop safer alternative methods without causing any adverse effects on the environment or human health. Biological control using biological control agents (BCAs) especially antagonistic yeasts has emerged as a very promising way to substitute synthetic fungicides to mitigate postharvest diseases of fruits. This review outlines the advantages and shortcomings of biocontrol yeasts in the prevention and control of postharvest diseases of fruits and discusses the current status and future prospects of biological control agents. We hope that this review will provide valuable information for commercial production and application of biocontrol agents.