酸枣叶的营养成分、保健功能及产品开发研究进展

酸枣是我国北方分布广泛的野生资源,酸枣叶资源蕴藏量巨大。酸枣叶是酸枣、酸枣仁加工过程中重要的副产品,是一种药食兼用型植物资源,具有多种生物活性和保健功效。酸枣叶化学成分以黄酮类和皂苷类为主,还含有丰富的氨基酸、核苷类、微量元素等多种营养成分。研究表明,酸枣叶具有抗氧化、改善睡眠、保护肝脏、抗真菌等多种保健功效。改善睡眠、抗氧化作用的研究及其保健茶饮产品的开发是酸枣叶的研究热点。同时酸枣叶作为原料,已被开发为功能饮料、食品、食醋、动物饲料等多种产品。酸枣叶在食品、医药、化工行业中,具有巨大的开发潜力。本文对酸枣叶的植物来源、营养成分、保健功能和综合产品开发等方面所取得的成果进行归纳,并对酸枣叶的基础研究和综合开发提出建议,以期为酸枣叶的深入研究和开发利用提供参考。

Research Progress on Nutrient Composition,Health Functions and Product Development of Ziziphi Spinosae Folium

Zizyphus jujuba is a wild resource widely distributed in northern China, the resources of its leaves are huge.Ziziphi Spinosae Folium (ZJF) is an important by-product in the processing of wild jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.var.spinosa (Bunge) Hu exH.F.Chou) and Zizyphi Spinosae Semen. As a dual-purpose medicinal and edible plant resource, ZJF possesses multiple biological activities and health care effects.Flavonoids and saponins are the major chemical composition in ZJF.Moreover, amino acids, necleosides, and trace elements were also proposed to be main nutrient ingredients.Modern pharmacological studies have shown that ZJF possesses multiple activities, including antioxidation, sedative-hypnotic, hepato protective and antifungal effect. Most attention has been devoted to antioxidation and sedative-hypnotic functions and development of drinking tea infusions. Meanwhile, ZJF has been developed as functional beverages, food, vinegar, animal feed and other products.Meanwhile, ZJF has great potential in food, medicine and chemical industry.This paper summarized the plant source, nutrient composition, health functions and comprehensive product development of ZJF, and put forward suggestions for basic research and comprehensive development of ZJF, with a view to provide reference for the in-depth research and comprehensive development of ZJF.