A downslope fire spread correction factor based on landscape-scale fire behaviour |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CSIRO Land and Water Flagship and CSIRO Digital Productivity and Services Flagship, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;2. Applied and Industrial Mathematics Research Group, School of Physical, Environmental and Mathematical Sciences, UNSW, Canberra, ACT 2600, Australia;1. CSIRO Digital Productivity Flagship, Clayton South, VIC 3169, Australia;2. CSIRO Land and Water Flagship, Black Mountain, ACT 2601, Australia;1. State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China;3. National Satellite Meteorological Center, Beijing 100081, PR China;4. Department of Forestry, TP Cooper Building, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546, USA;1. Earth and Environmental Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA;2. Fire Lab, United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Missoula, MT 59808, USA |
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| Abstract: | There is currently no fundamental understanding of the effects of topography on the behaviour of fires burning over a landscape. While a number of empirical models are employed operationally around the world, the effects of negative slopes on fire spread are ignored in all but one prediction system which may result in incorrect predictions. The general observation that large fires burning for some time over undulating topography can be approximated by assuming fire spread over flat ground is used to construct a quasi-empirical model framework for downslope rate of spread correction called kataburn. Kataburn is formulated for two alternative interpretations of slope spread–planar and linear–and can be applied to any empirical upslope spread correction model. Versions of kataburn derived using such models from Australia, the US and Canada are compared against experimental downslope data from the literature and found to better represent downslope spread than the existing operational downslope function. |
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| Keywords: | Bushfire behaviour Wildfire Prediction Simulation Topography Kataburn |
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