渤海海域渤中19-6构造带深层潜山储层特征及其控制因素

渤海湾盆地渤中凹陷西南部的渤中19-6深层潜山构造带是新近勘探发现的特大型含油气区,该区的储层研究尚处于起步阶段,对储层发育特征及其控制因素的认识还不够深入。为此,基于对钻井岩心、井壁岩心、岩石薄片的观察和描述,结合区域构造背景、录井及测井等资料,对该区潜山储层的岩石学特征、储集空间类型、物性特征等进行分析,探讨控制储层发育的内在因素,研究储层展布规律。结果表明:(1)渤中19-6构造带深层潜山储层是由太古界潜山变质花岗岩主体及上覆的古近系古新统—始新统孔店组砂砾岩组成的泛潜山储集系统,形成砂砾岩孔隙带+风化壳溶蚀裂缝带+内幕裂缝带的多层次储层结构,储层成因复杂、类型多样;(2)太古界变质花岗岩潜山储集体内部在垂向上可划分为风化壳、内幕裂缝带和致密带,具有孔隙型和裂缝型的双重特性;(3)潜山风化壳主要受到强烈的溶蚀淋滤作用叠加断裂作用的影响,形成裂缝—孔隙型储集空间,内幕裂缝带储层的发育规模与分布受控于3期裂缝的叠加作用,燕山期以来是潜山裂缝的主要发育时期;(4)孔店组砂砾岩为典型的筛积沉积,后期溶蚀作用为其主要的控制因素;(5)混合岩化作用及超临界流体隐爆作用对储层发育起到了建设性作用。结论认为,渤中19-6构造带发育砂砾岩+变质岩潜山储集系统的认识,有助于确定该区下一步油气勘探的目标与方向。

Characteristics and controlling factors of deep buried-hill reservoirs in the BZ19-6 structural belt,Bohai Sea area

The BZ19-6 deep buried-hill structural belt in the southwest of Bozhong Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, is a newly discovered supergiant oil and gas bearing area. The study on its reservoirs is still in the early stage, and the characteristics and control factors of reservoir development are not understood deeply. In this paper, cores, sidewall cores, rock sections were analyzed and described. Then, based on regional structural setting, mud logging and logging data, the buried-hill reservoirs in this area were analyzed from the aspects of petrological characteristics, reservoir space types and physical properties, the inherent factors influencing the development of the reservoirs were discussed, and distribution laws of the reservoirs were investigated. And the following research results were obtained. First, the deep buried-hill reservoirs of this belt are a pan-buried hill reservoir system composed of the Palaeocene–Eocene Kongdian Fm glutenite in the upper part and the Archean buried-hill metamorphic granite in the lower part. A multi-layer reservoir structure of glutenite pore zone, weathering crust dissolution fracture zone and inner fracture zone is formed. These reservoirs are complex in genesis and diverse in type. Second, the Archean buried-hill metamorphic granite reservoir can be vertically divided into weathering crust, inner fracture zone and tight zone, and it presents the dual characteristics of porous and fractured media. Third, the buried-hill weathering crust is mainly affected by strong dissolution and leaching superimposed with fracturing, forming fractured-porous reservoir space. The reservoir of inner fracture zone is mainly controlled by the superimposition of three-phrase fractures, which forms the main development period of buried-hill fractures since the Yanshanian. Fourth, the glutenite of Kongdian Fm is a typical sieve deposit and it is mainly controlled by the late dissolution. Fifth, migmatization and supercritical fluid cryptoexplosion play a constructive role in the development of the reservoirs. In conclusion, the understanding of buried-hill glutenite and metamorphic reservoir system developed in this belt is conducive to determining the target and direction of next oil and gas exploration in this area.