页岩气压裂水平井控压生产动态预测模型及其应用

为了理清页岩气压裂水平井采取控压生产制度延缓裂缝闭合与提高页岩气最终可采量(EUR)的内在联系,明确控压生产的气藏工程意义,以有限导流裂缝为基本流动单元,引入变应力敏感系数,建立地层—裂缝耦合的压裂水平井生产动态预测模型并求解,然后将所建立的模型与经典模型、Saphir软件数值模型的计算结果进行对比,分析应力敏感性特征参数、控压生产制度等因素对压裂水平井生产动态的影响,并在两口井进行了实例应用。研究结果表明:①所建立的模型与经典模型、Saphir软件数值模型计算的结果基本吻合;②应力敏感性的存在使得裂缝导流能力随着气井生产的持续进行而递减,进而导致气井累计产气量降低,并且应力敏感性越强,累计产气量降低的幅度就越大;③与放压生产方式相比,采用控压方式生产的页岩气压裂水平井的初期产气量及累计产气量虽然偏低,但最终累计产气量却更高,页岩气压裂水平井采取长期控压生产的方式更具合理性。结论认为,该研究成果可以为页岩气井控压生产制度的推广提供理论支撑。

A dynamic prediction model of pressure control production performance of shale gas fractured horizontal wells and its application

For clarifying the inherent relation between relieving fracture closure and improving the EUR by adopting the pressure-control production system for shale gas fractured horizontal wells , and the significance of pressure control production for gas reservoir engineering, a dynamic formation–fracture coupling prediction model for production performance of fractured horizontal wells was established and solved, with the finite conductivity fracture as basic flow unit and the variable stress sensitivity coefficient introduced. Through a comparison of the calculated results from the established model, classical model and numerical modeling by the Saphir software, the effect of characteristic parameters of stress sensitivity and pressure control production system on the production performance of fractured horizontal wells was analyzed and verified in two wells. The results show that (1) the calculated results from the established model are basically consistent with those from the classical model and the numerical modeling by the Saphir software; (2) the existence of stress sensitivity makes the fracture conductivity decline with the production of gas wells, which leads to the decrease of cumulative gas production; the greater the stress sensitivity, the greater the decrease of cumulative gas production; (3) although the initial gas production and cumulative gas production of shale gas gained by the pressure control production system are low compared with those by the pressure release production system, the ultimate cumulative gas production is higher. Thus, it is more reasonable to adopt a long-term pressure control production system for shale gas fractured horizontal wells. In conclusion, the research results provide a theoretical support for the popularization of pressure control production system of shale gas wells.