Influence of natural convection on the melting of ice block surrounded by water on all sides |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA;2. Aeronautical Technology Directorate, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Jindaijihigashi, Tokyo 182-8522, Japan;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Kanagawa 243-0292, Japan;1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;2. EnviroSystems Engineering & Technology Co., Ltd., Tiangong Plaza A501, Xueyuan Road 30, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, China;3. Centre for Environmental Health Engineering (CEHE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey GU2 7XH, United Kingdom;4. German Toilet Organization, Paulsenstr. 23, 12163 Berlin, Germany;5. Water Research Center, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Baga toiruu, Khoroo No.8 Sukhbaatar District, Ulaanbaatar, 14191, Mongolia |
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| Abstract: | The ice block at initial temperature Tis = 0 °C is fixed at the center of a long, prismatic enclosure with isothermal vertical walls and insulated horizontal walls. The enclosure is completely filled with water at initial temperature Til = 0 °C. Six numerical simulations were performed by varying vertical wall temperatures from TW = 2 to 12 °C (range of Rayleigh number from 4.22 × 106 to 2.28 × 107). In the case of TW > 8 °C the ice melts faster from above and for TW < 8 °C from below. In the case of TW = 8 °C, two vortices are separated by nearly vertical 4 °C isotherm and the average Nusselt number remains constant during the convection dominated regime. |
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