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随着油气田勘探开发工作的不断深入，所钻遇的地层构造越来越复杂，对地质中靶的要求也越来超高，特别是高陡构造的防斜打快问题更是钻井技术小的难点和重点。传统的满眼钻具组合和钟摆钻具组合只是以钻具侧向力作为井斜控制的理论依据，具有较大的局限性。发展中的偏心钻具、偏轴钻具、柔性钻具、反钟摆钻具、导向钻具等防斜技术，在有效地控制钻具侧向力的基础上，增强了钻柱的公转效应，削弱了钻头倾角的增斜作用，可以较好地控制井斜、提高机械钻速。但是，钻具组合的内在力学性质决定了它们仍然没有抵抗地层造斜力的功能，因此对于高陡构造和强造斜地层，其井斜控制效果仍难以得到充分的保证。要从根本上解决防斜打快问题，除了有效地控制钻具侧向力和钻头倾角之外，还必须具有足够的抵抗地层造斜力的能力。只有同时考虑这三方面的因素，并使之相互协调，才能真正地解决高陡构造和强造斜地层的防斜打快问题。

Characterization and Development of Techniques for Deviation Control & Fast Drilling

As oil and gas exploration and development goes more and more deeply,the structures of formations drilling penetrates become more and more complicated and the requirements to hit the geologic target are much stricter.Deviation control and fast drilling is the key point of drilling techniques,especially in steep structures.The traditional full hole drilling tools assemble and pendulum drilling tools assemble takes the side force of the drilling tools as the theoretical ground of deviation control,which has big limitation.The techniques of deviation control which are being developed,such as the eccentric drilling tools,the eccentric shaft string,the flexible drill string,the anti pendulum drilling tools and the steering drilling tools,can control the side force of the drilling tools effectively.Enhance the revolution effect of the drill string and weaken the deviation effect of the bit dip.So,they can control deviation and improve the bit speed.But they haven't the ability to resist the deviation force caused by the formation because of the inside mechanics properties of the drilling tools assemble.Aiming to the steep structures and the formations with strong deviating force,they can't guarantee to control deviation.To solve the problem of deviation control and fast drilling,besides effective controlling the side force of the drilling tools and the bit dip,enough ability should be obtained to resist the deviating force of the formations.The 3 factors must be considered at the same time and coordinated each other,then the problems of deviation control and fast drilling can be solved practically in the steep structures and the formations with strong deviating force.