300系不锈钢全冷料冶炼工艺及成本分析

为了研究不锈钢冶炼工艺的变化趋势，总结归纳了300系不锈钢的工艺流程。根据全冷料结构的不同，目前广泛应用的300系不锈钢冶炼工艺路线有3种。结合生产数据分析，对这3种冶炼工艺的流程特点、原料适应性、技术经济指标等进行了对比分析，并计算了不同工艺的成本差异。结果表明，在熔炼环节，中频炉流程具有成本优势；与中频炉相比，电炉的主要作用在于对原料的适应性较好，能够熔化渣钢，在一定程度上能够脱磷。研究结果可为300系不锈钢冶炼工艺的选择及优化提供参考。

Smelting processes and cost analysis of 300 series stainless steel cold materials

In order to study the changing trend of stainless steel smelting process, the production processes of 300 series stainless steel are summarized. According to the different raw material constitution, there are three type processes widely applied to produce 300 series stainless steel. Based on the analysis of production data, the characteristics of three smelting processes, the adaptability of raw materials and the technical and economic indexes are compared and analyzed, and the cost differences of different processes are calculated. The results show that in the melting process, the intermediate frequency induction furnace process has a cost advantage. Compared with induction furnace, the main function of the electric furnace is that its material adaptability is relatively better, the slag and steel can be melted, and the phosphorous in raw material can be removed to a certain extent. This can provide the reference for the selection and optimization of the 300 series stainless steel smelting process.