14Cr17Ni2不锈钢叶片硬度不合格原因分析

利用直读光谱仪、光学显微镜和硬度计，对14Cr17Ni2不锈钢棒和叶片进行化学成分分析、显微组织高倍观察、以及不同热处理后硬度试验等检测试验，结合叶片的制造加工工艺过程对硬度不合格的原因进行了分析，并针对原因提出了改进措施。分析结果表明，钢棒在热加工和热处理过程中温度偏高，使叶片铁素体含量增加，是导致叶片热处理后硬度不合格的直接原因。通过调整钢的成分配比，适当提高镍当量值，合理控制钢坯和叶片的热加工及热处理工艺，取得了较好的效果，使叶片达到了所需的硬度。

Cause analysis of unqualified hardness of 14Cr17Ni2 stainless steel blade

Rods and blades of 14Cr17Ni2 stainless steel were investigated by direct reading spectrometer, optical microscope and hardness tester. Meanwhile, their chemical compositions, high magnification observation of microstructure, hardness were analyzed after different heat treatments. the reasons for unqualified hardness were discussed in combination with the manufacturing process of the blade, and the improvement measures were thus proposed. The results show that the high temperature in the process of hot working and heat treatment for steel rods leads to the increase of the content of ferrite in blades, which is the direct cause of the unqualified hardness of blades after heat treatment. By adjusting the composition of steel, properly increasing the value of nickel equivalent, and reasonably controlling the hot working and heat treatment process of the steel billets and blades, the required hardness of the blades is realized.