窑街油页岩热解特性及产物分析

采用铝甑低温干馏和TG-DTG、FT-IR、GC、GC-MS等分析手段研究了窑街油页岩（YJOS）的热解特性及其热解产物页岩油、半焦和干馏气的组成。结果表明，YJOS的最佳热解温度约为510℃，油页岩中的无机质组分一方面对有机质的热解起着催化剂的作用，降低了热解初始温度，同时也因为其与有机质的紧密结合阻碍了热解产物的顺利逸出；半焦中的脂肪烃几乎完全消失，有机质的缩合度和芳香度增加；干馏气的主要可燃成分是H2和CH4，其次是C2H6、CO和C2H4，干馏气的平均相对分子质量约为20.4，平均比热容约为51.9 J/(mol?℃)，平均热值约为40.13MJ/ Nm3；页岩油的密度为0.938g/mL，其中饱和烃和芳烃的质量分数分别为35.91%和26.51%，同时还含有较多的含氧、氮、硫等杂原子的有机化合物。

Pyrolysis Features of Oil Shale from Yaojie and the Pyrolysate Analysis

The pyrolysis characteristics of Yaojie oil shale (YJOS) and the composition of its pyrolysis products, including shale oil, semicoke and retorting gas, were studied by aluminium retort low-temperature carbonization, TG-DTG, FT-IR, GC and GC-MS. The results showed that the best pyrolysis temperature was about 510℃. Although inorganic matter in oil shale was useful to decrease the initial pyrolysis temperature, combined closely with organic matter, it could hinder the escaping of pyrolysis product. Aliphatic hydrocarbon was disappeared and condensation and aromaticity were increased in the semicoke. The main combustible components of retorting gas were H2 and CH4, followed by C2H6, CO and C2H4. Average relative molecular mass of the retorting gas was about 20.4 and its average specific heat capacity was about 51.9 J/(mol?℃) with the average heat value of about 40.13MJ/m3. The shale oil with the density of 0.938g/mL contained not only saturated hydrocarbons(35.91%) and aromatic hydrocarbons(26.51%)，but also many O, N, S-containing organic compounds.