延长管输原油的组分特征及其析蜡行为

为了研究延长原油不同组分的特征及其析蜡行为，利用柱色谱分离法、傅里叶红外光谱、紫外分光光度法（UV）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和偏光显微分析等表征方法及手段，将采自延长油田的原油样品分离为13个组分(C1~C13)，考察了各极性组分(C2~C13)对饱和烃组分(C1)结蜡行为的影响。结果表明，原油中含有可有效抑制蜡晶析出的组分。C1中分别加入其他不同极性组分(C2~C13)后，其结蜡行为与原油原始状态差异较大；在冷却结晶时，胶质、沥青质组分使C1的蜡晶颗粒数增多，尺寸相对减小，有效地减弱了蜡晶之间的联结强度，削弱了蜡晶缔合形成大块蜡晶聚集体的倾向。

Charateristics of Yanchang Pipeline Crude Oil Components and Its Wax Deposition Behavior

To study the characteristics of components in crude oil, column chromatography separation, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet spectrophotometry (UV), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and optical microscope were used to separate Yanchang pipeline crude oil into thirteen components (C1-C13) and to investigate the effects of the polar components (C2-C13) on the wax deposition behavior of saturates (C1). The results indicated that there existed some components in crude oil which could effectively inhibit the precipitation of wax crystal. The behaviors of C1 with different polarity components added were quite different from that of the crude oil. The addition of resin and asphaltene to C1 could increase the number of wax crystal particles and decrease the dimensions of the wax particles during the cooling crystallization process, which prevented the particles from contacting and crosslinking each other and forming bulk wax crystal aggregation.