市政污水深度回用系统中反渗透膜表面微生物污染特性研究进展

污水深度回用是世界各国解决水资源危机的战略性选择,反渗透是污水深度回用不可替代的核心技术.中水水质有其自身的污染特点,微生物污染是最复杂的污染形式,是市政污水深度回用反渗透运行过程关注的焦点,目前对生物膜形成和其对反渗透运行性能的影响还知之甚少.结合国内外反渗透膜微生物污染研究及分析的文献成果,总结了微生物污染造成渗透通量和脱盐率变化的规律;为了阐明由于微生物细胞沉积和生物膜生长造成膜性能下降的机理,对微生物污染的性质、影响因素及相关理论、污染评价方法进行了总结,重点分析了微生物和胞外聚合物(EPS)对生物膜形成的影响,并提出今后研究的方向,以期为实际工程污染的评价、预测和减轻污染提供系统指导.

Research Progress in Biofouling of Reverse Osmosis for Municipal Wastewater Advanced Reuse

Municipal wastewater reuse is a valuable means that can be one of the possible solutions to solve the crisis of water resources.Reverse osmosis(RO) is the key technology that ensures the highest water quality for advanced wastewater reclamation.The major types of RO membranes fouling in advanced wastewater reclamation are inorganic salt,organic,colloidal and microbiological foulants precipitation.The biofouling governed by bacterial biofilm formation is the major concern due to the complex.Based on the analysising results of the domestic and foreign researches and documents on RO membrane biofouling the regular change patterns of the permeate flux and the salt rejection along with biofouling were expounded,a series of analysis on RO biofouling characteristics,related theory and the influencing factors,the biofouling assessing method was conducted in order to control and minimize negative effects and elucidate the mechanisms governing the decline in RO membrane performance caused by cell deposition and biofilm growth,and the emphasis is on the analysis of microbial and EPS on biofilm formation.By putting forward the key researches in the future,the article hopes to achieve the target to provide a guidance for the analysis and reduction of the practical engineering biofouling.