活性炭及工艺参数对所制固体活性炭性能的影响

以煤焦油基活性炭(TAC)和椰子壳活性炭(CAC)为原料，以聚乙烯醇缩丁醛(PVB)为粘接剂，以邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)为增塑剂，通过混合、成型、硬化及炭化处理，最终制得固体活性炭。详细地考查了工艺条件(如强度、收率、收缩率、比表面积等)的影响。研究结果表明对于椰子壳活性炭来说，制备高强度(>5000kPa)的固体活性炭是困难的，其主要原因在于椰子壳活性炭比煤焦油基活性炭含有更少的表面官能团(-COOH，-OH等)，而这些官能团可能增强PVB在活性炭表面的粘接，并且参与粘接剂的氧化硬化，硬化的粘接剂在炭化过程中在活性炭颗粒间形成炭桥或者枝状结构而粘接这些颗粒。因此，为了制备高强度的固体活性炭，椰子壳活性炭的表面改性是必要的。

PREPARATION OF ACTIVATEDCARBON FORM II. ROLES OF ACTIVATED CARBONS ON THE STRENGTH OF ACTIVATED CARBON FORM USINGA THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER AS BINDER

Activated carbon/polymer derived carbon form for capacitor electrode was prepared from coconut shell activated carbon (CAC) through mixing, moulding, curing and carbonizing using polyvinylbutyral resin (PVB) as the binder, dibutylphthalate (DBP) as a plastisizing agent. The strength of CAC form was found always poor and difficult to be above 5?000?kPa which was easily obtained with tar based activated carbon (TAC) in a previous paper. Severer curing conditions and cross linking agent failed to improve the strength. Higher pressure of moulding was effective to increase the strength, and 500MPa or more pressure is required to achieve 5?000?kPa. IR and TPD demonstrated that CAC carried much less oxygen functional groups, especially CO 2 evolving and low temperature CO evolving groups than TAC. Such surface oxygen functional groups on the activated carbon may adhere to PVB on the carbon surface and may participate in the oxidative curing of the polymer to bind the grains through the carbon bridges after the carbonization. Surface modification of activated carbon is suggested to obtain high strength of its carbonized form bound with plastic derived carbon.