基于三维空间与区域协同进化的无线传感网多路径路由协议

针对三维空间中无线传感器网络(WSN)的节点能量消耗不均衡问题,提出了一种基于三维空间与区域协同进化的无线传感器网络多路径路由协议(MRPTSRC)。该协议采用提出的区域划分模型将节点的一跳邻域空间划分为若干个子空间;根据区域协同进化算法(RCA)选择每个子空间的局部最优节点并决定最优下一跳节点;对前向区域节点采用加权策略以跳出局部最优并提高向Sink节点的收敛速度。在NS-2平台下进行了仿真,与度数受限的路由(DECOR)和前向感知因子的能量均衡路由协议(FAF-EBRP)相比,MRPTSRC的首个节点死亡时间相对于总时间分别提高了6%和3%;与FAF-EBRP相比,MRPTSRC的节点死亡率降低了38%,延迟时间降低了30%,节点剩余能量标准差也降低了16.7%;与DECOR相比,MRPTSRC的网络生存时间延长了30%。仿真结果表明,MRPTSRC能够有效地提高网络的性能。

Multi-path routing protocol based on three-dimensional space and regional co-evolution in wireless sensor network

To solve the problem of unbalanced energy consumption in Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the Multi-path Routing Protocol based on Three-dimensional Space and Regional Co-evolution (MRPTSRC) was proposed. The zoning model was designed to divide the one-hop neighborhood nodes into a set of subspaces. MRPTSRC selected the local optimum node from every subspace and decided the next hop node by the Regional Co-evolution Algorithm (RCA). Weighted strategy of the forward local optimum node was proposed to escape from local optimum and accelerate the convergence speed toward the Sink node. Simulations were conducted on NS-2 platform, the time of the first node death of MRPTSRC was respectively increased by 6% and 3% of the total time, compared with DEgree COnstrained Routing (DECOR) and Forward-Aware Factor for Energy Balance Routing Protocol (FAF-EBRP). The ratio of dead nodes and the relay time of MRPTSRC respectively declined up to 38% and 30%, the standard deviation of the residual energy decreased by 16.7%, when compared with FAF-EBRP. The network lifetime of MRPTSRC increased by 30% compared with DECOR. The simulation results show that MRPTSRC can effectively improve the network performance.