菜籽油磷脂酶C脱胶与水化脱胶条件优化及效果对比研究

以菜籽毛油为原料,分别利用二次回归正交实验对菜籽毛油磷脂酶C(PLC)脱胶工艺和常规水化脱胶工艺进行优化,按照国标要求,对两种不同脱胶方式生产的菜籽油的磷脂含量、水分、过氧化值等基本指标进行检测,并对指标结果进行对比。确定了PLC用于菜籽毛油脱胶的最优工艺参数为p H5.4、酶添加量10μL/kg、酶解温度42℃,经PLC脱胶后菜籽油磷脂含量为7.45mg/kg;水化脱胶最优工艺参数为作用时间4.8h、操作温度86℃、加水量为毛油磷脂含量的3.2倍,经水化脱胶后菜籽油磷脂含量为76.32mg/kg。且酶法脱胶油整体上比水化脱胶油品质更好,酶法脱胶油经常规精炼后可达到国家一级油标准,该研究可为菜籽油酶法脱胶工业生产提供一定的理论参考。 

Process optimization of PLC degumming and hydration degumming about rapeseed oil and the comparison of their effects

Taking crude rapeseed oil as raw material,the optimization experiments of PLC degumming and hydration degumming were conducted by quadratic regression orthogonal methods. Then the basic quality index of the two kinds of degumming oil was tested. The optimization conditions of PLC degumming were as follows:p H was 5.4,the PLC amount was 10μL/kg,enzymolysis temperature was 42℃,the confirmatory experiment of the optimization process showed that the phospholipids residual content of rapeseed oil was 7.45mg/kg. The optimization of hydrated degumming were as follows:the degumming time was 4.8h,the degumming temperature was 86 ℃, the water addition was 3. 2 times of phospholipids content in crude rapeseed oil, confirmatory experiment of hydrated degumming shows that the phospholipid content of rapeseed oil after hydrated degumming was 76. 32 mg / kg. The quality of the PLC degumminged oil was better than the hydration degumminged oil,and it could meet the national standard for first grade edible oil after being refined in the latter process. This paper would provide some theoretical references for the rapeseed oil refining industries.