重叠原理在某些电工基本理论中的应用

本文将五五年内刊短文三篇合写成一篇,考虑其理论价值(及/或其历史意义)而在这里正式地发表一下。第一部分是对结点电位方程式的证明或理解。设电路中各电势和各结点电位皆不存在,然后分别单独地将它们加入,并用重叠原理求电流,从而写出常规的结点电位方程式。第二部分证明库伦场保守性。作者认为,静电场、重力场等库伦场内的场力环积分为零这一关系,所谓保守性,必须首先证明,然后再推出位函数单值性。可是不少人是用位函数单值性去说明库伦场的保守性,实为倒果为因。本文首次提出库伦场保守性的严格证明,所依据的理论基础是库伦定律和重叠原理。第三部分是Peterson—Pfiefner确定无畸变长线终端反射波的法则的推广,从而获得在无畸变长线网络中确定发出波、反射波和透出波的一般法则。其主要关键是多端网络概念的引用以及重叠原理的应用。

Application of Superposition Principle in Some Basic Theories in Electrical Engineering

The present paper is a combination of three short papers already appeared in restricted publication in 1955 in our country.We publish it here regularly considering its theoretical value ( and/or its historical significance ) . Its first part is the proof or comprehension of node potential equations. Assume all emf's and node potentials to be absent at first.Next we put them in the circuit separately and calculate the currents by the superposition principle.Herein we get the node potential equations of the usual form. The second part of this paper is to prove the conservation property of coulombian fields. The such,author deems it neccessary at first to prove this property,i.e., the equalization to zero of the closed integral of field forces within a coulombian field such as electrostatic field and gravitational field , and on this ground the single-value property of potential function can be deduced. But few people have explained the conservation property of coulombian field by the single-value property of the potential function. This is actually a reverse of cause and effect.This paper presents for the first time a rigorous proof of the conservation property of coulombian field, utilizing coulom's law and superposition principle. The third part of this paper is a generalization of Peterson - Pfiefner's law (for determining reflected waves at the end of a distortionless long-line)and herefrom we get a general law for determining generated waves, reflected waves and penetrating waves at any point of a distortionless long-line network.The key to problem is the application of the concept of multi-terminal network and the application of superposition principle.