超临界水氧化技术中盐沉积问题的研究进展

超临界水氧化技术在处理高浓度难降解有机废水时具有去除率高、反应速度快、无二次污染等独特的优势，但存在盐沉积引起的反应器堵塞问题。本文针对国内外盐沉积问题研究的技术现状进行系统综述，归纳了盐沉积问题的研究方法，总结了部分盐在超临界水中的溶解度以及沉积和分离特性，阐述了盐沉积理论及从源头控制盐沉积途径，介绍了避免盐沉积引起反应器堵塞的技术方法，并对后续的研究进行了展望。指出盐沉积问题的解决还需进一步研究盐形成和沉积机理，建立不同盐类混合物的相图，研究盐沉积动力学和多组分系统的相行为，考察多组分盐之间的相互作用机制。这些信息有利于研究人员掌握超临界水氧化技术中盐沉积问题的基础知识和发展方向，有助于在实际工程应用中指导反应器结构设计和优化运行条件。

Current research status of salt deposition in supercritical water oxidation

Supercritical water oxidation has unique advantages，such as high removal efficiency，fast reaction and no secondary pollutants in handling high concentration and bio-refractory organic wastewaters. However，salt deposition can result in reactor plugging. The research status concerning salt deposition in supercritical water oxidation is reviewed. The research methods of salt deposition，and the solubility，deposition and separation properties of some inorganic salts are summarized. Salt deposition theories and essential control approaches are presented，and the techniques of avoiding reactor plugging induced by salt deposition are introduced. Solving salt deposition requires further investigating salt formation and deposition mechanisms，establishing phase diagrams of different salt mixtures，study of salt deposition dynamics and phase behavior of multi-component salt systems，and examining the interaction mechanism of multi-component salts. This information is helpful for researchers to acquaint with basic knowledge and subsequent research contents related to the salt deposition problem in supercritical water oxidation. It is also valuable in guiding reactor configuration design and operation parameter optimizations in real application.