EQCM study of the ECL quenching of the tris(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)/tris-n-propylamine system at a Au electrode in the presence of chloride ions |
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Authors: | Shijun Wang Wujian Miao |
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Affiliation: | a Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, United States b Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, G. Bonchev Street, Building 11, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria |
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Abstract: | Significant effect of chloride ions on the electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) behavior of the ruthenium(II)tris(2,2′-bipyridine) (Ru(bpy)32+)/tri-n-propylamine (TPrA) system at a Au electrode was reported. At low concentrations (e.g., [Cl−] < 5 mM), the ECL was enhanced; at relatively high concentrations, however, the ECL intensity decreased with the increase of the [Cl−]. At [Cl−] = 90 mM, ∼50% and 100% ECL inhibition was observed for the first and the second ECL wave, respectively. The electrogenerated gold-chloride complexes (AuCl2− and AuCl4−) which were verified using an electrochemical quartz-crystal microbalance (EQCM) method were found to be responsible for the ECL inhibition. This study suggests that care must be taken when a Au working electrode is used for ECL studies in chloride-containing buffer solutions (widely used in DNA probes) and/or with the commonly used chloride-containing reference electrodes since in these cases the ECL behavior may significantly disagree with that obtained using other electrodes and reaction media. |
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Keywords: | Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) Ruthenium(II)tris(2,2&prime -bipyridine) Inhibition Gold-chloride complexes Electrochemical quartz-crystal microbalance (EQCM) |
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