碳中和背景下氢能利用关键技术及发展现状

氢能作为一种二次能源,因其绿色、灵活、来源广泛等特点,将在可再生能源占主导的未来能源体系中发挥重要作用。决定氢能产业大规模发展的核心是实现低廉、高效的原料来源和储运。为此,从可再生能源电解水制氢和储氢运输2个方面,对实现氢能清洁和高效利用的关键技术进行了综述。总结了欧洲和日本作为氢能利用的领先国家在氢能发展方面的一些思路与进展,也对氢能的成本因素进行了讨论。分析了我国氢能发展的趋势,对于未来我国氢能产业发展的前景,提出以下建议:建立健全法规与政策体系;重视氢源供应及储运的发展;积极探索发展各类氢能利用方式。

Key Technologies and Development Status of Hydrogen Energy Utilization Under the Background of Carbon Neutrality

As a secondary energy,hydrogen energy will play an important role in the future energy system dominated by renewable energy because of its green,flexible and wide-ranging characteristics.The core of large-scale development of hydrogen energy industry is to realize low-cost and efficient raw material source,storage and transportation.Therefore,a review was made on the key technologies of how to truly realize the clean and efficient utilization of hydrogen energy in the aspects of hydrogen production from renewable energy electrolyzed water and hydrogen storage and transportation.The ideas and progress were summarized in the development of hydrogen energy in Europe and Japan as the leading countries for hydrogen energy utilization,and also the cost factors of hydrogen energy were discussed.The development trend of hydrogen energy in China was analyzed,and the development prospect of China's hydrogen energy industry in the future was also put forward,the suggestions were as follows:establishing a sound legal and policy system;paying attention to the development of hydrogen supply and storage and transportation;actively exploring and developing various ways of hydrogen energy utilization.