白城地区用水结构演变与用水效益分析

基于吉林省白城市1995～2009年用水量变化,根据信息熵和均衡度的概念分析用水结构的演变趋势,定量计算了农业用水的边际效益,分析水对农业产出的贡献程度。结果表明,白城市用水结构保持在一个低水平的有序状态,用水结构均衡度偏低,水要素对农业产值的贡献占所有投入要素的33.6%,远大于当地农业灌溉水费征收标准。建议白城地区在保证农业生产用水的基础上,增加工业、生活和生态用水,以促进用水系统的稳定性和合理性;同时适度调整农业灌溉水价,提高用水效率,减少农田灌溉的水资源浪费。

Analysis of Water Consumed Structure Evolution and Benefit in Baicheng Region

Based on the water consumption change from 1995 to 2006 in Baicheng city, Jilin province, information entropy and the concept of equilibrium degree are introduced to discuss the trend of water consumed structure evolution. At the same time, the marginal benefit of agricultural water consumption is calculated quantitatively, which analyzes the contribution of water to agriculture. The results show that water consumed structure maintains in a lower orderly status; equilibrium degree of water consumption structure is lower; the contribution of water to agricultural output is 33.6% and it is larger than local cost levying criterion of agricultural irrigation water. The study illustrates that Baicheng region should increase industrial, domestic and ecological water consumption on the basis of guarantee agricultural water, which enhance the stability and rationality of water consumed system; and it adjusts agricultural irrigation pricing properly and improves water consumption efficiency simultaneously to decrease the waste of agricultural water consumption.