基于虚拟样机的液压挖掘机工作装置最大挖掘力分析

针对液压挖掘机工作装置挖掘力的分析计算与优化问题,对工作装置在斗杆挖掘工况下的最大挖掘力及工作装置关键铰接点空间位置对其最大挖掘力的影响进行了研究,提出了采用机械系统与液压系统联合仿真的方法,建立了某液压挖掘机工作装置的虚拟样机模型,分析斗杆油缸以系统最大压力工作,铲斗油缸、动臂油缸闭锁时,在整个挖掘范围内,工作装置的挖掘力图谱,并确定了最大斗杆挖掘力.在此基础上,以最大斗杆挖掘力为设计目标,通过试验设计方法,研究了工作装置机构铰接点空间位置对斗杆挖掘工况下最大挖掘力的影响.研究结果表明,液压挖掘机最大挖掘力达到国外同类产品水平,同时找出了铲斗最大挖掘力位置及数值,为工作装置优化设计和结构强度分析提供了有效依据.

Analysis for max arm crowd force of hydraulic excavator attachments based on mechanism-hydraulics coupling system

Aiming at the problem of the analysis and optimization on the hydraulic excavator attachments＇ digging force,the research about the relationship of the key hinge points＇ location and the largest digging force was put forward.A co-simulation method of the dynamics of mechanical systems and hydraulic systems was introduced to establish the attachments virtual prototype model.On the condition of that the bucket and boom cylinder were locked and the stick cylinder pressure was closed to the largest system pressure,the digging force diagram within the working range was analyzed and the maximum stick digging force was also concluded.On this basis,the maximum digging force was selected to the design goal,through experimental design and Monte Carlo methods,the influence of the key hinge points＇ spatial location to the maximum stick digging force were studied.The results indicate that the hydraulic excavator digging force is close to similar foreign products,and at the same time,the location and value of the stick digging force are find out which provide a valid basis for the optimization design and structural strength analysis of attachments.