太阳能薄膜铜锌锡硒纳米晶的制备与表征

以金属氯化物(氯化铜、氯化锌、氯化锡)为金属源,二氧化硒为前驱体,乙二醇为溶剂,在不同表面活性剂(PVP、聚氧乙烯月桂醚、聚乙二醇1 000、聚山梨酯80)和不同工艺(制备时间和制备温度)的条件下,采用溶剂热法一步合成六角片状的CZTSe纳米晶体颗粒,并采用X射线衍射仪、紫外可见分光光度计与SEM等手段对CZTSe纳米颗粒的物相、性能、形貌进行表征。实验结果表明,通过加入表面活性剂PVP并控制温度(200 ℃)和合成时间(30 h)可以取得禁带宽度约为1.5 eV、分布均匀、结构为六方片的晶粒,其与太阳能电池所需的最佳禁带宽度相近,有望在新一代太阳能电池中得到应用和推广。

Preparation and Characterization of Thin-Film Solar Cells with Nanocrystalline Copper Zinc Tin and Selenium

Using the metal chlorides (copper chloride, zinc chloride and tin chloride) as metal source, selenium dioxide for the precursor and ethylene glycol for solvent, the CZTSe nanocrystals with hexagonal flake was prepared by solvothermal synthesis under the conditions of various surfactants (PVP, polyethylene glycol monooleyl, ether, Macrogol 1000, and Polysorbate 80) and different processes (preparation time and the temperature). And the phase, performance and morphology of CZTSe nano-particles were characterized by XRD, UV, and SEM methods. The experimental results showed that, by means of adding surface activator PVP at 200 ℃ for 30 h, the hexagonal-flake CZTSe nano-crystalline with forbidden bandwidth of 1.5 eV could be obtained, displaying uniform distribution, of which is close to the optimum forbidden bandwidth of solar cells. It is expected to be applied and promoted in a new generation of solar cell.