火花放电电磁干扰特性的比较

电磁环境的恶化给人类的生产和生活带来诸多危害。火花放电是一种重要的电磁干扰源。研究火花放电时辐射电磁波的特性，既可以帮助我们减少它们的危害，又有助于我们开发它们更多的应用。实验中，我们对针板空气间隙分别施加正、负直流和交流高电压，使其产生火花放电，利用宽带天线接收其辐射的电磁波，然后将信号通过电缆送至频谱仪，研究放电辐射电磁波的极化特性和方向图特性。通过实验和理论分析，我们认为，针板放电回路可以由一个振子天线来等效，并且随着辐射电磁波的波长与环形回路周长的比值不同，电磁波的特性也有所不同。另外，还解释了频谱图中出现的一些特点。

Study on Spark Power Discharge Electro-magnatic Characteristing

Deterioration of electromagnetic environment that is harm to human being Spark discharge is important in electromagnetic interfere.Research on characteristic of electromagnetic wave radiated from spark discharge not only can help us to reduce its harm,but also can help us to develop its application.In our experiment,high voltage is puts on needle-plant gap,then spark discharge takes place,it radiates electromagnetic wave,which is received by a broad band antenna,antenna sign is transferred to EMC analyzer through cable,so we can measure electromagnetic wave polarization pattern and orientation pattern.Through experiment and theory,we can conclude that electromagnetic wave radiated from spark discharge of a closed loop is radiated by equivalent dipole antenna,and with the difference of ratio of wavelength to girth,the characteristic of electromagnetic wave is also different.In the paper,the characteristic of frequency spectrum is analyzed.