几种建筑外墙隔热性能的比较分析

建立了几种建筑外墙结构的数学模型，结合南京夏季室外综合温度，采用FLUENT软件对几种墙体的热工性能进行对比，并从传热学的角度对墙体的内部传热机理进行分析。研究结果表明：添加保温材料或者空气问层均能够提高墙体的隔热性能；墙体采用外保温时，其保温层较高的热阻使热量集中墙体外表面，减小向室内侧的传热量，同时也提高了墙体的耐久性；通过对比几种具有不同隔热措施的建筑墙体，外保温墙体对温度波的衰减度最大，内壁面温度的波动幅度最小，抵御室外温度影响的能力强，热稳定性能好。

The Comparative Analysis on the Heat Insulation Performance of Several Building Exterior Walls

The mathematical models of several building exterior walls were established. The thermal performance of several kinds of walls was compared, by the software Fluent under summer outside air comprehensive temperature of NanJing, and the internal heat transfer mechanism of walls was analyzed based on the thermodynamics. Research result showed： addition of either insulation materials or air gap can improve the heat insulation performance effectively. The exterior insulation wall makes the heat flux concentrate on the outside surface by the high thermal resistance of insulation materials, reduces the heat flux to the interior side and improves the durability of wall structure. By comparing several building walls with different insulation measures, the exterior insulation wall has more attenuation to the outdoor temperature and the interior surface has less fluctuations of temperature, stronger resistance against wave changes in outdoor temperature and better thermal stability.