用于甲醇脱水制二甲醚的固体酸催化剂的研究进展

对用于甲醇脱水过程的固体酸催化剂的研究成果进行综述,特别是对单一氧化物基固体酸、复合氧化物基固体酸、分子筛等进行了详细的论述。目前用于甲醇脱水过程的催化剂主要为活性氧化铝、分子筛等。同时指出了该类固体酸催化剂的研究现状、存在问题和发展趋势,以期为甲醇脱水工业化过程的高效、稳定催化剂的设计、制备与开发提供借鉴。

Progresses in Study of Solid Acid Catalysts for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis Through Methanol Dehydration

Study of solid acid catalysts used in the processes of methanol to dimethyl ether(MTD),especially mono-metal oxides,composite metal oxides and zeolites,was reviewed.In the present MTD processes,active aluminas and zeolites were usually employed.The active alumina,γ-Al_2O_3,mainly with weak or medium-strong acidic sites,showed excellent initial activity,but its reaction temperature was high and water resistance stability was low,which could be improved by addition of phosphate or silica to the catalyst.Zeolites with strong acidic sites exhibited outstanding low-temperature activity,but the selectivity to dimethyl ether was dependent on reaction temperature,which could be improved by selective poisoning with sodium ions.Furthermore,the status,problems and trends in research of the solid acid catalysts for MTD were discussed to provide a reference for design and preparation of high efficient and stable catalysts for industrial MTD process.