天然气脱硫过程的胺液污染问题及胺液净化技术研究进展

胺法脱硫工艺特别是甲基二乙醇胺（MDEA）法在天然气脱硫中较为常用，但是胺液在使用过程中经常会出现发泡、降解、热稳盐等污染问题，严重影响脱硫系统的操作。由于更换胺液成本较高，所以需要对胺液进行净化处理来延长胺液使用寿命。本文对胺液污染问题产生原因及解决办法进行了分析，提出胺液污染的主要原因是预处理效果差导致胺液产生热稳盐、固体悬浮物、重烃及系统含氧导致胺液发生降解，使得胺液中的污染物浓度增加。胺液降解和热稳盐问题是最亟须解决的，因为它们直接影响着其它胺液污染问题的发生。本文还介绍了胺液净化技术的发展情况，目前主流净化技术的核心是以离子交换技术来除去离子型杂质，以过滤吸附技术去除非离子型杂质，该类技术与中和作用、热回收等相比具有明显优势。

Introduction of amine liquid pollution in natural gas desulfurization process and purification technology

Amine desulfurization process，especially the methyldiethanolamine（MDEA）method，is commonly used in the natural gas desulfurization，but a lot of pollution issues such as foaming，degradation and heat stable salt often appeared in the use of amine liquid which seriously affect the operation of desulfurization system. Considering the high cost of replacing amine，it is necessary to purify amine to extend its service life. This paper analyzed the causes and solutions of amine pollution problems. The main causes of amine pollution were improper pretreatment which may generate the thermal stability salt，suspended solid and heavy hydrocarbon，and oxygen in system，resulting in amine degradation and increase of pollutant concentrations in amine liquid. Amine liquid degradation and thermal stability salt were the most serious problems，since these factors would directly influence the other amine problems. Additionally，the developments in amine purification were introduced. The most popular amine purification technology was the application of ion exchange technique in the ionic impurities removal，and other filter adsorption technologies in the nonionic impurities removal. These technologies had more advantages than neutralization and heat recovery.