α-甲基丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐二元共聚物对润滑油的降凝性能

 摘要: 以α-甲基丙烯酸和十四醇为原料，对甲苯磺酸为催化剂，对苯二酚为阻聚剂，甲苯为溶剂，采用直接酯化法制备α-甲基丙烯酸酯单体(AE)；以AE和马来酸酐为单体，过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂，通过自由基聚合制备了α-甲基丙烯酸酯-马来酸酐二元共聚物(AM)，采用 1H NMR表征了AE及AM的结构。选择了4种不同来源的润滑油样品，采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪分析了它们的化学组成；考察了加AM前后润滑油样品的凝点分别降低和其他物理化学性质，并采用荧光显微镜观察了不同AM添加量的润滑油样品中蜡晶的形貌。结果表明，AM作为降凝剂可以使4种润滑油样品的凝点分别降低20, 23, 21 和29 ℃；润滑油的单环芳烃含量越高，其低温流动性改善越明显；加AM前后油样的凝点变化较明显，其它物理化学性质变化不明显。

METHACRYLIC ACID ESTER-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE COPOLYMER FOR LOWERING SOLIDIFICATION POINT OF LUBRICATING OIL

Abstract: Methacrylic acid ester(AE) monomer was prepared by direct esterification of methacrylic acid and tetradecyl alcohol with paratoluenesulfonic acid as catalyst, hydroquinone as polymerization inhibitor and toluene as solvent. The methacrylic acid ester-maleic anhydride copolymer (AM) was obtained by solution free radical copolymerization with benzoyl peroxide as initiator. The structures of the monomer AE and copolymer AM were confirmed by 1H NMR. Four lubricating oils from different sources were chosen as the test oil samples, and their chemical compositions were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer, and the physicochemical characteristics of the oil samples without and with AM added were investigated. Finally, wax crystals morphology in the test samples was observed through fluorescence microscope when AM was added in sample with different mass fractions. The results indicated that the SPs of the lubricating oils with AM added were depressed by 20 ℃, 23 ℃, 21 ℃ and 29 ℃, respectively. The low temperature flow performance of the lubricating oil containing more content of monocyclic aromatics can be improved easily. Except solidification point, the other physicochemical characteristics of the test samples have little changes before and after AM added.