直接还原技术进展及其在中国的发展

近年来,全球直接还原铁(DRI/HBI)产量和需求逐年增加,表明直接还原技术是钢铁工业不可缺少的组成部分,有助于炼铁生产摆脱焦煤资源短缺的羁绊,降低钢铁生产能耗,提高钢铁产品质量和品质。气基竖炉生产规模不断增大,成为主要的生产工艺;竖炉直接还原铁热装热送技术的发展进一步降低了工序能耗。回转窑、隧道窑等工艺在特定地区迅速发展,但很难成为直接还原铁生产的主流。我国具备发展直接还原生产的资源条件和技术基础,煤制气—气基竖炉技术是可能的主要发展方向。

Process of Direct Reduce Technology and Its Development in China

In recent years, the output of direct reduced iron （DRI/HBI） and its demands in the world increase year by year, which indicates that the direct reduction technology is an indispensable role for the iron ＆ steel industry, for it contributes to be free of the limitation of the shortage of coking coal resources in ironmaking, decreasing the energy consumption in iron ＆amp;steel production and increasing the quality of iron ＆ steel products. The gas-based shaft furnace has become the main production process as the scale of production by gas-based shaft furnace is increasingly enlarged while the process energy consumption is further decreased due to the development of the hot charging and hot delivering technology for direct reduced iron in shaft furnace. The rotary kiln and tunnel kiln process have been rapidly developed in some specific regions, but it is hard to become the main process for producing the direct reduced iron. However, the gas-based shaft furnace technology for the production of coal gas is a feasible main development trend based on the conditions of natural resources and technological base for producing the direct reduced iron in China.