云南烟草漂浮苗主要病毒病种类的检测

采用三抗体夹心法和双抗体夹心法对云南省烟草漂浮苗移栽前后样本进行了病毒种类的检测。苗期采集的1400多个样本的检测结果表明:云南省为害烟草漂浮苗的病毒种类主要为烟草普通花叶病毒(TMV),占95%以上;黄瓜花叶病毒(CMV)和马铃薯Y病毒属病毒(包括PVY和TEV等)较少见,占5%以下。感染TMV的育苗池,烟苗带毒率大多比较高(15%~80%);管理良好的育苗棚,烟苗TMV带毒率为零或很低(低于0.5%)。在移栽后团棵期对花叶型病毒病发病率高(20%以上)的取样点采集的697个烟草花叶症状样本的检测结果显示,烟草病毒病害仍以TMV为主,检出率48.1%~100%,CMV和马铃薯Y病毒属病毒较少见,检出率0%~12.2%。因此,漂浮育苗苗期和移栽后大田前期病毒病的综合防治应以TMV为重点。

Detection of Major Viral Diseases in Tobacco Floating Seedbed System in Yunnan Province

The virus types in tobacco seedling samples of floating system before and after transplanting were detected with double- and triple-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The test results of over 1400 tobacco seedling samples collected before transplanting showed that tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was the major virus infecting seedlings in floating system in Yunnan Province, and accounted for a proportion of over 95%; while the proportion of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and potyviruses (including potato virus Y and tobacco etch virus ) was less than 5%. The TMV positive percentage of seedlings in an infected floating system was relatively higher (15%-80%); in the seedbed under good management, the seedlings showed lower TMV positive percentage (0-<0.5%). The test results of 697 leaf samples with the symptom of tobacco mosaic collected at rosette stage in seriously infected field (mosaic disease incidence was more than 20%) indicated that TMV remained the major virus, with a detected rate of 48.1% to 100%, while that of CMV and Potyviruses was 0- 12.2%. Therefore, the integrated control against virus during floating seedbed stage and early stage after transplanting in field should be focused on TMV.