土壤中克百威的动态变化及其对蚯蚓的毒性

目的]探究不同质量分数克百威在土壤中的动态变化及其对非靶标生物的影响.方法]采用自然土壤法研究了克百威对蚯蚓的急性毒性,固相萃取高效液相色谱柱后衍生法检测克百威在土壤中的残留量.结果]采用乙腈提取土壤中的克百威,氨基固相萃取小柱净化,高效液相色谱柱后衍生荧光检测器检测,方法回收率为89.1％～106.4％,相对标准偏差为1.5％～4.3％,最低检出限为0.01 mg/kg,符合农药残留分析要求.结论]克百威在土壤中的半衰期为13.72～28.29 d,自然土壤法测得克百威对蚯蚓第7、14天的LC50值分别为9.856、8.778 mg/kg.

The Dynamic Changes and Toxicity to Earthworms of Carbofuran in Soil

Research was conducted to understand the dynamic changes of different concentrations of carbofuran in the soil and its impact on non-target organisms.Methods] The acute toxicity of carbofuran to earthworms was studied using natural soil.Carbofuran residues in the soil were determined by HPLC with post-column derivatization system and fluorescence detector.Results] The sample was extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned-up by amido solid-phase extraction column with methanol-dichloromethane?(1∶99,by vol) as the eluent.The results showed that the minimum detection limit of carbofuran was 0.01 mg/kg.The average recoveries of carbofuran from the soil ranged from 89.1 to 106.4%,with RSD of 1.5-4.3%,and the method met with the requirements for pesticide residue analysis.Conclusions] The half-life of carbofuran in soil was 13.72 to 28.29 days.The median lethal concentration of carbofuran on the 7th and 14th day was 9.856 and 8.778 mg/kg respectively by natural soil test.