不同复合材料蒙皮机身段的适坠性研究

基于典型客机机身结构建立了三框两跨机身段有限元模型,模拟了金属蒙皮机身段和复合材料蒙皮机身段的坠撞过程,分析了机身结构变形、加速度响应、能量变化趋势和各结构吸能特征,研究了蒙皮对机身段适坠性的影响。结果表明,抗剪切能力较差的复合材料蒙皮会导致结构破坏不够充分引发较大的坠撞加速度进而对乘员安全造成威胁。复合材料蒙皮刚度较大会导致"三角区域"产生加速度过载。蒙皮作为飞机坠撞时的重要吸能结构之一,不仅会影响自身的吸能特性,还会显著影响各个结构的吸能特性和整个机身段的适坠性。

Research on Crashworthiness of Aircraft Fuselage Section with Different Composite Skin

The three-frame fuselage finite element model was created based on the structure of typical aircraft fuselage. The crash process of fuselage section with metal skin and composite skin was simulated. The structural deformation, acceleration response, energy change and energy absorption characteristics were compared. The influence of metal skin and composite skins on the crashworthiness of the fuselage section was studied. The results show that the poor shear resistance of the composite skin may lead to insufficient structural damage and cause large impact acceleration, which may be a threat to the safety of the passenger. The stiffness of the composite material can cause acceleration overload in the "triangular region". As one of the important energy-absorbing structures when the plane crashes, the skin not only affects its own energy absorption characteristics, but also significantly affects the energy absorption characteristics of each structure and the crashworthiness of the fuselage section.