1060纯铝微杯形件微拉深成形研究

微拉深成形以其高效率、低成本、高质量等优点成为一种可行的制造开口、空心、薄壁微型零件的微细加工方法。然而，由于微型化的影响，使得微拉深要比宏观拉深更加困难。研制精密微型落料-拉深复合模，成形出内径仅为1 mm的微杯形件。试验材料采用厚度为50 μm的1060纯铝，在真空氛围下经300 ℃分别退火1 h和8 h。微拉深试验在SANS CMT-5504电子万能试验机上进行，试验速度为0.05 mm/s，润滑剂为聚乙烯薄膜。研究退火工艺和压边力对拉深力、拉深比、制耳和起皱的影响。试验结果表明，顺利成形出质量良好、拉深比为2.1的微杯形件；经退火处理的坯料，拉深力降低，拉深比增大，制耳减弱；随着压边力的增加，起皱减弱，但当压边力超过一定数值后则导致拉裂。

Research on Micro Deep Drawing of Pure Aluminum 1060 Micro Cylindrical Cups

Micro deep drawing is a probable micro manufacturing technology for forming uncorks, hollow, thin walled micro parts due to its high efficiency, low cost, and good quality. However, micro deep drawing is much more difficult than macro deep drawing because of the miniature of the forming parts. Micro cups with an inner diameter of 1 mm are formed using a micro blanking and deep drawing compound die. The specimen material is pure aluminum 1060 with a thickness of 50 μm which is annealed at 300 ℃ for 1 h and 8 h in vacuum atmosphere, respectively. The experiments are carried out on a SANS CMT-5504 universal testing machine at a drawing velocity of 0.05 mm/s with the lubrication of polyethylene film. The effects of annealing process and blank holder force on drawing force, drawing ratio, earings and wrinkles are discussed. The results show that a micro cup with a maximum limiting drawing ratio of 2.1 is well formed. Compared to the as-received blank, the annealed blank decreased the drawing force, increased the drawing ratio and decreased the earings. The wrinkles decreased with increasing the blank holder force, however, the micro cup cracked when the blank holder force larger than a specific value.