辽宁凤凰山保护区大型真菌的物种组成和生态特征

通过样地和线路调查、随机踏采等方法，研究了凤凰山大型真菌多样性的物种组成和生态特征，结果表明：本区共有大型真菌102种，分属于接合菌、盘菌、核菌、层菌和腹菌5纲24科62属。按所处植被环境划分，凤凰山大型真菌可分为阔叶林型、针叶林型和草地荒地型；按营养类型划分，主要分为土生菌55种、木生菌46种、外生菌根菌58种和虫生菌1种，属的区系地理成分上可分为广布成分58.1%、泛热带成分12.9%、热带亚洲-热带非洲成分3.2%、北温带成分25.84%，四个分布型表现出明显的温带区系特征。建议加强植被管理与保护，促进大型真菌资源可持续利用和森林生态系统的平衡。

Species Composition and Ecological Characteristics of Macrofungi in Fenghuang Mountain Nature Reserve in Liaoning Province

Based on line investigation and quadrat investigation, species composition and ecological characteristics of the macrofungi in the Fenghuang Mountain were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that ： a total of 102 species of macrofungi were recorded, belonging to 62 genera of 24 families. The habitals where they were found could be sorted into types of broadleaf mix forest, coniferous forest and shrubby wasteland. By trophic type, they could be grouped into lignicolous （46 species）, entomophilous （55 species）, ectomycorrhizal （58 species）, and entomogenous species （1 specie）. From the geographical elements, it is grouped into： Cosmopolitan （58. 1% ）, Pantropical （12.9%）, Tropical Asia ＆ Tropical Africa （3.2%） and North Temperate （25.84%）. Cosmopolitan and North Temperate element are the characteristics of the region. Vegetation should be protcted in order to maintain sustainable utilization of macrofungi resources and forest ecosystem balance.