聚氨酯/纳米复合涂料的红外特性及其力学性能的研究

系统研究了聚氨酯涂料在红外特性及其力学性能。选用三种填料（纳米级氢氧化镁、氧化铬、ITO）对聚氨酯进行共混改性，并讨论了不同含量的填料与性能的关系。含有纳米级层状氢氧化镁的聚氨酯涂料具有最低的红外发射率和最高的红外吸收率。该体系的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和回弹性相对于纯的聚氨酯体系下降幅度最小，并且涂层耐擦洗次数最高；加入填料后，体系的硬度增加，但用量超过20％后硬度增加不明显；此外，体系的吸水性随填料的增加而显著增加，但用量超过10％，吸水率则开始下降。

A STUDY ON THE INFRARED CHARACTERISTIC AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYURETHANE/NANO MATERIALS

The infrared characteristic and the mechanical properties of polyurethane coating were systematically investigated. Three kinds of fillers(nano magnesium hydroxide, chromium oxide, ITO) were blended with polyurethane, and the relation between the content of filler and properties was studied. The polyurethane coating which contained nano magnesium hydroxide filler exhibited the lowest infrared reflectivity and the highest infrared absorptivity among three blend systems. Tensile strength, elongation of break and elasticity of the polyurethane blends were slightly reduced relative to pure polyurethane. After infilling the filler, the hardness of PU blend was increased and had a good abrasion resistance. When infilling more than 20% filler the hardness showed no further increasing. Whilst, water absorption increased significantly with increasing filler content. However, water absorption of blends began to decrease once filler exceeding 10%, when adding 30% filler, water absorption significantly decreased.