酰氨基黄药的制备及其对黄铜矿、黄铁矿的浮选性能研究

基于浮选药剂分子设计理论和气味分子的结构理论，设计并合成了两种酰氨基黄药—N-乙酰氨基乙基钾黄药和N-苯甲酰氨基乙基钾黄药，并对其结构进行了表征。这种含有酰氨基和黄原酸基的双配体黄药分子间易于产生氢键缔合作用，同时双配体间的相互影响可削弱气味分子在嗅觉感受体表面的定向作用，从而消除分子的恶臭异味，合成试验表明，N-乙酰氨基乙基钾黄药和N-苯甲酰氨基乙基钾黄药均没有刺激性臭味。单矿物浮选试验表明，N-苯甲酰氨基乙基钾黄药对黄铜矿的捕收能力与乙基钠黄药相近，强于N-乙酰氨基乙基钾黄药，对黄铁矿的捕收能力弱于乙基钠黄药，强于N-乙酰氨基乙基钾黄药。吸附量试验表明，捕收剂在黄铜矿表面的吸附量大小顺序与单矿物浮选结果相符合。Zeta电位和红外光谱分析结果表明，酰氨基黄药捕收剂分子在黄铜矿、黄铁矿表面均发生了化学吸附。 

Study on the Preparation of Amido Xanthate and Its Flotation Performance for Chalcopyrite and Pyrite

Based on the molecular design theory of flotation reagents and the structural theory of odor molecules, two amide xanthates—potassium potassium O-(2-acetamidoethyl) carbonodithioate and potassium O-(2-benzamidoethyl) carbonodithioate were designed and synthesized and their structure were characterized.These double ligand xanthates containing amido and xanthate groups were prone to produce hydrogen bond between the molecules, and the interaction between the double ligands could weaken the orienting effect of odor molecules on the surface of the olfactory receptors, thereby eliminating the malodor. The synthesis test showed that both potassium O-(2-acetamidoethyl) carbonodithioate and potassium O-(2-benzamidoethyl) carbonodithioate had no pungent odor of traditional xanthate.The single mineral flotation test demonstrated that the collection performance of potassium O-(2-benzamidoethyl) carbonodithioate was similar to that of ethyl xanthate, but better than that of potassium O-(2-acetamidoethyl) carbonodithioate, and the collection performance of pyrite was weaker than that of ethyl xanthate and stronger than that of potassium O-(2-acetamidoethyl) carbonodithioate.The adsorption capacity test showed that the order of the adsorption amount of the three collectors on the surface of chalcopyrite was consistent with the single mineral flotation results.The results of Zeta potential and infrared spectroscopy further indicated that the amido xanthate collector were chemically adsorbed on the surfaces of chalcopyrite and pyrite.