丁香精油的超临界CO_2和溶剂回流萃取及其GC-MS分析

研究了超临界CO2流体萃取技术(SFE)和溶剂回流法萃取丁香精油,所得精油经气相色谱(GC)-质谱(MS)分析。结果显示:溶剂回流法宜采用正己烷为溶剂,最佳工艺条件为:料液比(g∶mL)1∶15、回流温度80℃、回流时间30min;SFE最佳工艺条件为:萃取温度45℃、萃取压力12MPa、解析温度50℃、萃取时间90min。验证试验显示:SFE法收油率达到21.04%,高于溶剂回流法(17.401%),所得精油色泽和流动性较优。经GC-MS分析显示:所得精油的组成相似,但含量不同,溶剂回流法除β-石竹烯的含量略高外,3种主要活性物质丁香酚、乙酰基丁香酚、β-石竹烯的的含量和提取率均低于SFE法提取的精油。SFE法是提取丁香精油值得推广和有前景的一种方法。

Clove Essential Oil Extracting by SFE-MD or Refluxing and Its GC-MS Analyzed

Clove essential oil was extracted with supercritical CO2 fluid extraction (SFE) or refluxing-extraction and was analyzed by GC-MS. The optimum condition of refluxing-extraction was: the solvent ratio 1∶15; extracting temperature 80℃; the extracting time 30min. The best extracting parameters for SFE were 45℃, 12MPa, 50℃, and 30min. experiments showed that The SFE extraction yields was 21.04% which was much higher than refluxing-extraction (17.401%) and had better color and mobility. GC-MS analysis showed that the oil compositions were similar between two methods, but the content greatly varied. The content and yield of three main components (eugenol, β-caryophyllene and eugenol acetate) obtained by SFE were higher than those by refluxing-extraction, except for β-caryophyllene. Therefore, SFE was considered as a replacement process for obtaining high quality clove essential oil.