嗜酸兼性异养菌Acidiphilium sp.DX1-1的分离、特征及其浸矿行为(英文)

研究了一株源自江西德兴铜矿矿区的中温嗜酸兼性异养菌Acidiphilium sp.DX1-1的分离、鉴定、特征及其浸矿行为。菌株Acidiphilium sp.DX1-1为短杆状革兰氏阴性菌,最适合的生长温度为30℃,最适合的生长pH约为3.5。该菌株具有广泛的底物利用特性,可以利用有机物进行异养生长并在细胞内积累聚羟基丁酸酯,也可以利用单质硫、三价铁等无机物进行自养生长。系统发育分析表明DX1-1属于Acidiphilium属,与Acidiphilium cryptum and Acidiphilium multivorum的同源性大于99%。在铁闪锌矿生物浸出过程中,Acidiphilium sp.DX1-1表现出极强的浸矿能力,其作用不仅仅是之前报道的作为其他自养嗜酸浸矿细菌的辅助者。在初始pH3.5时,DX1-1能够在一个月内单独地浸出铁闪锌矿中40%的锌。该浸出率高于它与A.ferrooxidans混合以及A.ferrooxidans单独浸出铁闪锌矿(初始pH均为2.0)的浸出率。

Isolation,characterization of Acidiphilium sp. DX1-1 and ore bioleaching by this acidophilic mixotrophic organism

The isolation and characterization of a subspecies of Acidiphilium that not only acts as an enhancer of other autotrophic acidophiles in bioleaching, but also has significant leaching capacity towards marmatite was described. Acidiphilium sp. DX1-1, a Gram-negative, motile, short rod-shaped bacterium that accumulates intracellular polyhydroxybutyrate, was isolated from the Dexing copper mine area in China. It is mesophilic and acidophilic with an optimum growth at 30 °C and pH 3.5. Phylogenetic analyses identify that it is a member of genus Acidiphilium and closely related to Acidiphilium cryptum and Acidiphilium multivorum. It is mixotrophic, utilizing organic substrates and a range of inorganic substrates, such as sulfur, ferric iron and a variety of sulfide minerals. Acidiphilium sp. DX1-1 is able to bioleach 40% of the zinc content of marmatite with the initial pH 3.5 within a month, which is even higher than that of A. ferrooxidans or the mixed culture with A. ferrooxidans at even lower pH.